ISO/IEC 27001

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Project Security Checklist

1. Purpose

The Project Security Checklist is used to ensure that information security requirements are identified, assessed, implemented, and verified throughout the lifecycle of a project.

The checklist helps ensure that security is considered before, during, and after project activities rather than being addressed only at the end.

It can be used for:

  • New software development
  • Major application changes
  • Cloud migrations
  • New cloud environments
  • New customer implementations
  • New products or services
  • Infrastructure projects
  • Technology implementations
  • Major system upgrades
  • Third-party technology implementations
  • Business process changes involving sensitive information

2. Objectives

The checklist helps the project team:

  • Identify security requirements early.
  • Identify information and assets involved.
  • Assess project-related security risks.
  • Define appropriate security controls.
  • Protect confidential and sensitive information.
  • Apply access control and segregation of duties.
  • Address privacy and regulatory requirements.
  • Secure development and testing activities.
  • Manage suppliers and third parties.
  • Validate security before production deployment.
  • Maintain evidence of security decisions and activities.

3. When to Use the Checklist

The checklist should be completed during project planning and updated as the project progresses.

Recommended checkpoints:

Project Initiation โ†’ Planning โ†’ Design โ†’ Development โ†’ Testing โ†’ Deployment โ†’ Closure

The level of assessment should be proportionate to the project’s:

  • Size
  • Complexity
  • Risk
  • Data sensitivity
  • Technology
  • Business criticality
  • Customer impact
  • Regulatory requirements

A small internal project does not necessarily require the same level of security review as a customer-facing system processing sensitive information.


4. Project Information

FieldDetails
Project Name[Project Name]
Project ID[Project ID]
Project Manager[Name]
Security Owner[Name]
Business Owner[Name]
Technical Owner[Name]
Start Date[Date]
Target Completion[Date]
Project Type[Development / Migration / Implementation / Other]
ISMS Scope[Yes / No]
Data Classification[Public / Internal / Confidential / Restricted]
Criticality[Low / Medium / High / Critical]
Third Parties[Yes / No]
Security Review Required[Yes / No]
Privacy Review Required[Yes / No]
Status[Planning / Development / Testing / Production / Closed]

5. Security Requirements

#Security CheckStatusEvidence / Remarks
1Security requirements identifiedโ˜
2Business requirements reviewed for security implicationsโ˜
3Applicable legal/regulatory requirements identifiedโ˜
4Customer/contractual security requirements identifiedโ˜
5Privacy requirements assessedโ˜
6Data classification determinedโ˜
7Security acceptance criteria definedโ˜
8Security responsibilities assignedโ˜

6. Information and Asset Identification

Identify the information and assets involved in the project.

Asset / InformationOwnerClassificationCriticalitySecurity Requirement
Customer databaseData OwnerConfidentialHighEncryption / Access Control
Source codeEngineeringConfidentialHighRepository Access
AWS production environmentCloud TeamRestrictedCriticalMFA / Logging
API credentialsSecurityRestrictedCriticalSecure Secret Storage

Check that:

  • โ˜ Information assets are identified.
  • โ˜ Asset owners are identified.
  • โ˜ Information classification is defined.
  • โ˜ Critical systems are identified.
  • โ˜ Dependencies are documented.
  • โ˜ Data flows are understood where relevant.

7. Security Risk Assessment

The project team should determine whether the project introduces new or changed information security risks.

Risk Assessment Questions

  • What could go wrong?
  • What information could be exposed?
  • Which systems could be compromised?
  • Who could gain unauthorized access?
  • Could the project introduce new vulnerabilities?
  • Could a third party create additional risk?
  • Could availability be affected?
  • Could privacy requirements be affected?
  • Could customer commitments be affected?

Risk Record

Risk IDRiskLikelihoodImpactRisk LevelTreatmentOwner
PR-001Unauthorized access to project data45CriticalReduceSecurity Lead
PR-002Vulnerable third-party dependency34HighReduceEngineering
PR-003Production deployment failure34HighReduceDevOps

The organization’s approved risk methodology should be used.


8. Project Roles and Responsibilities

Confirm that responsibilities are clearly assigned.

  • โ˜ Project Manager
  • โ˜ Business Owner
  • โ˜ Security Owner
  • โ˜ Technical Owner
  • โ˜ Data Owner
  • โ˜ System Owner
  • โ˜ Vendor/Supplier Owner
  • โ˜ Testing/QA Owner
  • โ˜ Approval authority

Where practical, avoid situations where the same person can develop, approve, deploy, and independently verify a high-risk change without appropriate compensating controls.


9. Access Control

Confirm that project access is appropriately controlled.

  • โ˜ Access is based on business need.
  • โ˜ Least privilege is applied.
  • โ˜ Role-based access is used where appropriate.
  • โ˜ MFA is enabled for privileged/sensitive access.
  • โ˜ Development and production access are separated where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Privileged access is restricted.
  • โ˜ Access approvals are documented.
  • โ˜ Temporary access has an expiry date.
  • โ˜ Third-party access is controlled.
  • โ˜ Access is reviewed periodically.
  • โ˜ Access is removed when no longer required.

10. Secure Development

For software projects:

  • โ˜ Secure development requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Secure coding practices established.
  • โ˜ Code repository access restricted.
  • โ˜ Branch protection implemented where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Code review performed.
  • โ˜ Secrets are not stored in source code.
  • โ˜ Dependencies are identified.
  • โ˜ Dependency vulnerabilities are monitored.
  • โ˜ Static code analysis performed where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Dynamic/application security testing performed where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Security defects are tracked.
  • โ˜ Security testing results are reviewed before release.

11. Environment Security

Where development, testing, staging, and production environments exist:

  • โ˜ Environments are appropriately separated.
  • โ˜ Production access is restricted.
  • โ˜ Production data is not unnecessarily copied to non-production environments.
  • โ˜ Sensitive test data is protected.
  • โ˜ Test accounts are controlled.
  • โ˜ Test credentials are not reused in production.
  • โ˜ Configuration differences are understood.
  • โ˜ Production deployment requires appropriate authorization.

12. Cloud Security

For cloud projects:

  • โ˜ Cloud architecture reviewed for security.
  • โ˜ Cloud accounts/subscriptions/projects are appropriately separated.
  • โ˜ IAM roles reviewed.
  • โ˜ MFA enabled for privileged users.
  • โ˜ Network access controls configured.
  • โ˜ Security groups/firewall rules reviewed.
  • โ˜ Encryption requirements addressed.
  • โ˜ Logging enabled.
  • โ˜ Monitoring configured.
  • โ˜ Backup requirements addressed.
  • โ˜ Secrets stored securely.
  • โ˜ Cloud resources are inventoried.
  • โ˜ Public exposure is reviewed.
  • โ˜ Security configuration is tested.

AWS Example

For an AWS SaaS project, review:

  • IAM
  • Organizations/accounts
  • VPC
  • Security Groups
  • S3
  • RDS
  • CloudTrail
  • CloudWatch
  • KMS
  • Secrets Manager
  • WAF
  • Backup
  • GuardDuty/Security Hub where applicable

The exact services should depend on the project architecture.


13. Data Protection

Confirm that project data is appropriately protected.

  • โ˜ Data classification completed.
  • โ˜ Data collection is appropriate.
  • โ˜ Data storage locations identified.
  • โ˜ Data transmission is protected.
  • โ˜ Encryption requirements assessed.
  • โ˜ Access restrictions implemented.
  • โ˜ Sensitive data exposure risks assessed.
  • โ˜ Data retention requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Data deletion requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Backup requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Test data is appropriately protected.
  • โ˜ Data transfer requirements assessed.

14. Privacy

Where personal data is involved:

  • โ˜ Personal data identified.
  • โ˜ Purpose of processing documented.
  • โ˜ Applicable privacy requirements identified.
  • โ˜ Privacy impact assessed where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Data minimization considered.
  • โ˜ Access requirements reviewed.
  • โ˜ Retention requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Third-party processing assessed.
  • โ˜ Cross-border transfer requirements assessed where applicable.
  • โ˜ Privacy notices/consent requirements reviewed where applicable.

15. Third-Party and Supplier Security

Where suppliers are involved:

  • โ˜ Supplier identified.
  • โ˜ Security requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Supplier security assessment performed where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Contractual security requirements included.
  • โ˜ Confidentiality requirements addressed.
  • โ˜ Data processing requirements addressed.
  • โ˜ Supplier access controlled.
  • โ˜ Supplier integration reviewed.
  • โ˜ Incident notification requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Supplier exit requirements considered.

16. Vulnerability Management

Before deployment:

  • โ˜ Vulnerability scanning completed where applicable.
  • โ˜ Application security testing completed where applicable.
  • โ˜ Infrastructure security testing completed where applicable.
  • โ˜ Dependencies reviewed.
  • โ˜ Critical/high vulnerabilities assessed.
  • โ˜ Security findings assigned to owners.
  • โ˜ Required remediation completed.
  • โ˜ Residual risks documented and approved where necessary.
  • โ˜ Remediation verified.

17. Change Management

Project changes should follow the organization’s change management process.

  • โ˜ Changes are documented.
  • โ˜ Changes are reviewed.
  • โ˜ Security impact is assessed where necessary.
  • โ˜ Changes are tested.
  • โ˜ Appropriate approval is obtained.
  • โ˜ Emergency changes are controlled.
  • โ˜ Deployment records are retained.
  • โ˜ Rollback procedures are available for important changes.

18. Backup and Recovery

Where applicable:

  • โ˜ Backup requirements identified.
  • โ˜ Critical data is backed up.
  • โ˜ Backup access is restricted.
  • โ˜ Backup protection is implemented.
  • โ˜ Recovery requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Recovery testing performed where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Recovery procedures documented.
  • โ˜ Business continuity requirements considered.

19. Logging and Monitoring

Confirm that appropriate security monitoring is available.

  • โ˜ Security-relevant events are logged.
  • โ˜ Authentication events are logged where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Privileged activities are logged.
  • โ˜ Important administrative actions are logged.
  • โ˜ Application security events are monitored where appropriate.
  • โ˜ Logs are protected from unauthorized modification.
  • โ˜ Log retention requirements are defined.
  • โ˜ Alerts are configured for important security events.
  • โ˜ Monitoring responsibilities are assigned.

20. Incident Response

Confirm that the project can be supported by the organization’s incident response process.

  • โ˜ Security incident scenarios identified.
  • โ˜ Incident reporting mechanism available.
  • โ˜ Security contacts identified.
  • โ˜ Escalation requirements defined.
  • โ˜ Customer notification requirements considered.
  • โ˜ Regulatory notification requirements considered where applicable.
  • โ˜ Evidence preservation requirements considered.
  • โ˜ Incident response procedures tested where appropriate.

21. Security Testing

Security testing should be proportionate to project risk.

Possible testing includes:

  • Code review
  • SAST
  • DAST
  • Dependency scanning
  • Vulnerability scanning
  • Configuration review
  • Cloud security review
  • VAPT
  • Penetration testing
  • API security testing
  • Authentication testing
  • Authorization testing
  • Infrastructure testing

Testing results should be reviewed before production deployment.


22. Production Readiness Security Review

Before production deployment, confirm:

  • โ˜ Security requirements completed.
  • โ˜ Critical security findings resolved.
  • โ˜ Remaining risks documented.
  • โ˜ Required risk acceptance obtained.
  • โ˜ Access controls implemented.
  • โ˜ Logging enabled.
  • โ˜ Monitoring enabled.
  • โ˜ Backup/recovery configured.
  • โ˜ Incident response prepared.
  • โ˜ Security testing completed.
  • โ˜ Security approvals obtained.
  • โ˜ Deployment/change approval obtained.

23. Project Security Sign-Off

Security Owner

Name: ______________________

Signature/Approval: ______________________

Date: ______________________

Project Manager

Name: ______________________

Signature/Approval: ______________________

Date: ______________________

Business Owner

Name: ______________________

Signature/Approval: ______________________

Date: ______________________

Security Exceptions / Residual Risks

IDException / RiskReasonCompensating ControlOwnerApprovalReview Date
EX-001[Description][Reason][Control][Owner][Approver][Date]

24. Project Closure

At project completion:

  • โ˜ Project security requirements reviewed.
  • โ˜ Outstanding security findings addressed.
  • โ˜ Residual risks transferred to the appropriate owner.
  • โ˜ Temporary accounts removed.
  • โ˜ Temporary access removed.
  • โ˜ Temporary infrastructure removed.
  • โ˜ Project secrets/credentials reviewed.
  • โ˜ Documentation completed.
  • โ˜ Security evidence retained.
  • โ˜ Lessons learned recorded.
  • โ˜ Asset inventory updated.
  • โ˜ Risk Register updated where required.
  • โ˜ Supplier information updated where required.
  • โ˜ Operational teams received necessary handover information.

25. Evidence Checklist

Typical evidence may include:

  • Project security requirements
  • Project risk assessment
  • Architecture diagrams
  • Data-flow diagrams
  • Security design review
  • Access approvals
  • Access review records
  • Code review records
  • Security testing reports
  • Vulnerability scan reports
  • Penetration testing reports
  • Change records
  • Deployment approvals
  • Cloud configuration evidence
  • Logging/monitoring configuration
  • Backup/recovery testing
  • Supplier assessments
  • Privacy assessment
  • Risk acceptance
  • Security sign-off
  • Project closure report

26. AWS SaaS Project Example

Consider a startup launching a new customer-facing SaaS application on AWS.

Project

New Customer Analytics Platform

Security Review

The project team identifies:

  • Customer data
  • AWS production environment
  • Application source code
  • APIs
  • Database
  • Developer access
  • Third-party APIs

Security Requirements

The team establishes:

  • MFA for privileged AWS access
  • Least-privilege IAM
  • Encryption
  • Secure API authentication
  • Logging and monitoring
  • Vulnerability scanning
  • Code review
  • Backup and recovery
  • Incident response
  • Customer data protection

Before Go-Live

The team completes:

Security Design โ†’ Risk Assessment โ†’ Secure Development โ†’ Security Testing โ†’ Vulnerability Remediation โ†’ Access Review โ†’ Production Security Review โ†’ Approval โ†’ Deployment

The checklist provides evidence that security was considered throughout the project lifecycle.


27. Startup-Friendly Approach

A startup does not need to turn every project into a large compliance exercise.

For a normal software project, the minimum practical process can be:

1. Identify the project and data

โ†“

2. Identify security requirements

โ†“

3. Assess security risks

โ†“

4. Design appropriate controls

โ†“

5. Implement security controls

โ†“

6. Perform security testing

โ†“

7. Resolve important findings

โ†“

8. Obtain security approval

โ†“

9. Deploy

โ†“

10. Monitor

โ†“

11. Close and capture lessons learned

The depth of the checklist should increase with project risk.


28. Relationship With Other ISMS Documents

The Project Security Checklist should connect with:

  • Information Security Policy
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Register
  • Asset Register
  • Access Control Policy
  • Secure Development Procedure
  • Change Management Procedure
  • Vulnerability Management Procedure
  • Supplier Security Procedure
  • Data Classification Policy
  • Data Privacy Policy
  • Incident Management Procedure
  • Business Continuity Plan
  • Threat Intelligence Procedure
  • Security Testing/VAPT Procedure
  • Statement of Applicability

The relationship can be summarized as:

Project โ†’ Requirements โ†’ Risk โ†’ Controls โ†’ Implementation โ†’ Testing โ†’ Evidence โ†’ Approval โ†’ Monitoring


29. Final Audit Checklist

Before closing the project, confirm:

AreaComplete
Security requirements identifiedโ˜
Project risks assessedโ˜
Assets identifiedโ˜
Data classifiedโ˜
Access controls implementedโ˜
Secure development requirements addressedโ˜
Supplier risks assessedโ˜
Privacy requirements assessedโ˜
Vulnerabilities assessedโ˜
Security testing completedโ˜
Critical findings addressedโ˜
Logging and monitoring configuredโ˜
Backup/recovery addressedโ˜
Incident response addressedโ˜
Residual risks documentedโ˜
Required approvals obtainedโ˜
Security evidence retainedโ˜
Project closure completedโ˜

30. Final Principle

Project security should not be a final-stage compliance check.

The objective is:

Plan Security โ†’ Assess Risk โ†’ Design Controls โ†’ Build Securely โ†’ Test โ†’ Approve โ†’ Deploy โ†’ Monitor โ†’ Improve

The key question is:

โ€œHave security requirements and risks been considered throughout the project lifecycle, and can the organization demonstrate that appropriate controls were implemented and verified?โ€

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