1. Purpose
The Project Security Checklist is used to ensure that information security requirements are identified, assessed, implemented, and verified throughout the lifecycle of a project.
The checklist helps ensure that security is considered before, during, and after project activities rather than being addressed only at the end.
It can be used for:
- New software development
- Major application changes
- Cloud migrations
- New cloud environments
- New customer implementations
- New products or services
- Infrastructure projects
- Technology implementations
- Major system upgrades
- Third-party technology implementations
- Business process changes involving sensitive information
2. Objectives
The checklist helps the project team:
- Identify security requirements early.
- Identify information and assets involved.
- Assess project-related security risks.
- Define appropriate security controls.
- Protect confidential and sensitive information.
- Apply access control and segregation of duties.
- Address privacy and regulatory requirements.
- Secure development and testing activities.
- Manage suppliers and third parties.
- Validate security before production deployment.
- Maintain evidence of security decisions and activities.
3. When to Use the Checklist
The checklist should be completed during project planning and updated as the project progresses.
Recommended checkpoints:
Project Initiation โ Planning โ Design โ Development โ Testing โ Deployment โ Closure
The level of assessment should be proportionate to the project’s:
- Size
- Complexity
- Risk
- Data sensitivity
- Technology
- Business criticality
- Customer impact
- Regulatory requirements
A small internal project does not necessarily require the same level of security review as a customer-facing system processing sensitive information.
4. Project Information
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Project Name | [Project Name] |
| Project ID | [Project ID] |
| Project Manager | [Name] |
| Security Owner | [Name] |
| Business Owner | [Name] |
| Technical Owner | [Name] |
| Start Date | [Date] |
| Target Completion | [Date] |
| Project Type | [Development / Migration / Implementation / Other] |
| ISMS Scope | [Yes / No] |
| Data Classification | [Public / Internal / Confidential / Restricted] |
| Criticality | [Low / Medium / High / Critical] |
| Third Parties | [Yes / No] |
| Security Review Required | [Yes / No] |
| Privacy Review Required | [Yes / No] |
| Status | [Planning / Development / Testing / Production / Closed] |
5. Security Requirements
| # | Security Check | Status | Evidence / Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Security requirements identified | โ | |
| 2 | Business requirements reviewed for security implications | โ | |
| 3 | Applicable legal/regulatory requirements identified | โ | |
| 4 | Customer/contractual security requirements identified | โ | |
| 5 | Privacy requirements assessed | โ | |
| 6 | Data classification determined | โ | |
| 7 | Security acceptance criteria defined | โ | |
| 8 | Security responsibilities assigned | โ |
6. Information and Asset Identification
Identify the information and assets involved in the project.
| Asset / Information | Owner | Classification | Criticality | Security Requirement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Customer database | Data Owner | Confidential | High | Encryption / Access Control |
| Source code | Engineering | Confidential | High | Repository Access |
| AWS production environment | Cloud Team | Restricted | Critical | MFA / Logging |
| API credentials | Security | Restricted | Critical | Secure Secret Storage |
Check that:
- โ Information assets are identified.
- โ Asset owners are identified.
- โ Information classification is defined.
- โ Critical systems are identified.
- โ Dependencies are documented.
- โ Data flows are understood where relevant.
7. Security Risk Assessment
The project team should determine whether the project introduces new or changed information security risks.
Risk Assessment Questions
- What could go wrong?
- What information could be exposed?
- Which systems could be compromised?
- Who could gain unauthorized access?
- Could the project introduce new vulnerabilities?
- Could a third party create additional risk?
- Could availability be affected?
- Could privacy requirements be affected?
- Could customer commitments be affected?
Risk Record
| Risk ID | Risk | Likelihood | Impact | Risk Level | Treatment | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR-001 | Unauthorized access to project data | 4 | 5 | Critical | Reduce | Security Lead |
| PR-002 | Vulnerable third-party dependency | 3 | 4 | High | Reduce | Engineering |
| PR-003 | Production deployment failure | 3 | 4 | High | Reduce | DevOps |
The organization’s approved risk methodology should be used.
8. Project Roles and Responsibilities
Confirm that responsibilities are clearly assigned.
- โ Project Manager
- โ Business Owner
- โ Security Owner
- โ Technical Owner
- โ Data Owner
- โ System Owner
- โ Vendor/Supplier Owner
- โ Testing/QA Owner
- โ Approval authority
Where practical, avoid situations where the same person can develop, approve, deploy, and independently verify a high-risk change without appropriate compensating controls.
9. Access Control
Confirm that project access is appropriately controlled.
- โ Access is based on business need.
- โ Least privilege is applied.
- โ Role-based access is used where appropriate.
- โ MFA is enabled for privileged/sensitive access.
- โ Development and production access are separated where appropriate.
- โ Privileged access is restricted.
- โ Access approvals are documented.
- โ Temporary access has an expiry date.
- โ Third-party access is controlled.
- โ Access is reviewed periodically.
- โ Access is removed when no longer required.
10. Secure Development
For software projects:
- โ Secure development requirements defined.
- โ Secure coding practices established.
- โ Code repository access restricted.
- โ Branch protection implemented where appropriate.
- โ Code review performed.
- โ Secrets are not stored in source code.
- โ Dependencies are identified.
- โ Dependency vulnerabilities are monitored.
- โ Static code analysis performed where appropriate.
- โ Dynamic/application security testing performed where appropriate.
- โ Security defects are tracked.
- โ Security testing results are reviewed before release.
11. Environment Security
Where development, testing, staging, and production environments exist:
- โ Environments are appropriately separated.
- โ Production access is restricted.
- โ Production data is not unnecessarily copied to non-production environments.
- โ Sensitive test data is protected.
- โ Test accounts are controlled.
- โ Test credentials are not reused in production.
- โ Configuration differences are understood.
- โ Production deployment requires appropriate authorization.
12. Cloud Security
For cloud projects:
- โ Cloud architecture reviewed for security.
- โ Cloud accounts/subscriptions/projects are appropriately separated.
- โ IAM roles reviewed.
- โ MFA enabled for privileged users.
- โ Network access controls configured.
- โ Security groups/firewall rules reviewed.
- โ Encryption requirements addressed.
- โ Logging enabled.
- โ Monitoring configured.
- โ Backup requirements addressed.
- โ Secrets stored securely.
- โ Cloud resources are inventoried.
- โ Public exposure is reviewed.
- โ Security configuration is tested.
AWS Example
For an AWS SaaS project, review:
- IAM
- Organizations/accounts
- VPC
- Security Groups
- S3
- RDS
- CloudTrail
- CloudWatch
- KMS
- Secrets Manager
- WAF
- Backup
- GuardDuty/Security Hub where applicable
The exact services should depend on the project architecture.
13. Data Protection
Confirm that project data is appropriately protected.
- โ Data classification completed.
- โ Data collection is appropriate.
- โ Data storage locations identified.
- โ Data transmission is protected.
- โ Encryption requirements assessed.
- โ Access restrictions implemented.
- โ Sensitive data exposure risks assessed.
- โ Data retention requirements defined.
- โ Data deletion requirements defined.
- โ Backup requirements defined.
- โ Test data is appropriately protected.
- โ Data transfer requirements assessed.
14. Privacy
Where personal data is involved:
- โ Personal data identified.
- โ Purpose of processing documented.
- โ Applicable privacy requirements identified.
- โ Privacy impact assessed where appropriate.
- โ Data minimization considered.
- โ Access requirements reviewed.
- โ Retention requirements defined.
- โ Third-party processing assessed.
- โ Cross-border transfer requirements assessed where applicable.
- โ Privacy notices/consent requirements reviewed where applicable.
15. Third-Party and Supplier Security
Where suppliers are involved:
- โ Supplier identified.
- โ Security requirements defined.
- โ Supplier security assessment performed where appropriate.
- โ Contractual security requirements included.
- โ Confidentiality requirements addressed.
- โ Data processing requirements addressed.
- โ Supplier access controlled.
- โ Supplier integration reviewed.
- โ Incident notification requirements defined.
- โ Supplier exit requirements considered.
16. Vulnerability Management
Before deployment:
- โ Vulnerability scanning completed where applicable.
- โ Application security testing completed where applicable.
- โ Infrastructure security testing completed where applicable.
- โ Dependencies reviewed.
- โ Critical/high vulnerabilities assessed.
- โ Security findings assigned to owners.
- โ Required remediation completed.
- โ Residual risks documented and approved where necessary.
- โ Remediation verified.
17. Change Management
Project changes should follow the organization’s change management process.
- โ Changes are documented.
- โ Changes are reviewed.
- โ Security impact is assessed where necessary.
- โ Changes are tested.
- โ Appropriate approval is obtained.
- โ Emergency changes are controlled.
- โ Deployment records are retained.
- โ Rollback procedures are available for important changes.
18. Backup and Recovery
Where applicable:
- โ Backup requirements identified.
- โ Critical data is backed up.
- โ Backup access is restricted.
- โ Backup protection is implemented.
- โ Recovery requirements defined.
- โ Recovery testing performed where appropriate.
- โ Recovery procedures documented.
- โ Business continuity requirements considered.
19. Logging and Monitoring
Confirm that appropriate security monitoring is available.
- โ Security-relevant events are logged.
- โ Authentication events are logged where appropriate.
- โ Privileged activities are logged.
- โ Important administrative actions are logged.
- โ Application security events are monitored where appropriate.
- โ Logs are protected from unauthorized modification.
- โ Log retention requirements are defined.
- โ Alerts are configured for important security events.
- โ Monitoring responsibilities are assigned.
20. Incident Response
Confirm that the project can be supported by the organization’s incident response process.
- โ Security incident scenarios identified.
- โ Incident reporting mechanism available.
- โ Security contacts identified.
- โ Escalation requirements defined.
- โ Customer notification requirements considered.
- โ Regulatory notification requirements considered where applicable.
- โ Evidence preservation requirements considered.
- โ Incident response procedures tested where appropriate.
21. Security Testing
Security testing should be proportionate to project risk.
Possible testing includes:
- Code review
- SAST
- DAST
- Dependency scanning
- Vulnerability scanning
- Configuration review
- Cloud security review
- VAPT
- Penetration testing
- API security testing
- Authentication testing
- Authorization testing
- Infrastructure testing
Testing results should be reviewed before production deployment.
22. Production Readiness Security Review
Before production deployment, confirm:
- โ Security requirements completed.
- โ Critical security findings resolved.
- โ Remaining risks documented.
- โ Required risk acceptance obtained.
- โ Access controls implemented.
- โ Logging enabled.
- โ Monitoring enabled.
- โ Backup/recovery configured.
- โ Incident response prepared.
- โ Security testing completed.
- โ Security approvals obtained.
- โ Deployment/change approval obtained.
23. Project Security Sign-Off
Security Owner
Name: ______________________
Signature/Approval: ______________________
Date: ______________________
Project Manager
Name: ______________________
Signature/Approval: ______________________
Date: ______________________
Business Owner
Name: ______________________
Signature/Approval: ______________________
Date: ______________________
Security Exceptions / Residual Risks
| ID | Exception / Risk | Reason | Compensating Control | Owner | Approval | Review Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EX-001 | [Description] | [Reason] | [Control] | [Owner] | [Approver] | [Date] |
24. Project Closure
At project completion:
- โ Project security requirements reviewed.
- โ Outstanding security findings addressed.
- โ Residual risks transferred to the appropriate owner.
- โ Temporary accounts removed.
- โ Temporary access removed.
- โ Temporary infrastructure removed.
- โ Project secrets/credentials reviewed.
- โ Documentation completed.
- โ Security evidence retained.
- โ Lessons learned recorded.
- โ Asset inventory updated.
- โ Risk Register updated where required.
- โ Supplier information updated where required.
- โ Operational teams received necessary handover information.
25. Evidence Checklist
Typical evidence may include:
- Project security requirements
- Project risk assessment
- Architecture diagrams
- Data-flow diagrams
- Security design review
- Access approvals
- Access review records
- Code review records
- Security testing reports
- Vulnerability scan reports
- Penetration testing reports
- Change records
- Deployment approvals
- Cloud configuration evidence
- Logging/monitoring configuration
- Backup/recovery testing
- Supplier assessments
- Privacy assessment
- Risk acceptance
- Security sign-off
- Project closure report
26. AWS SaaS Project Example
Consider a startup launching a new customer-facing SaaS application on AWS.
Project
New Customer Analytics Platform
Security Review
The project team identifies:
- Customer data
- AWS production environment
- Application source code
- APIs
- Database
- Developer access
- Third-party APIs
Security Requirements
The team establishes:
- MFA for privileged AWS access
- Least-privilege IAM
- Encryption
- Secure API authentication
- Logging and monitoring
- Vulnerability scanning
- Code review
- Backup and recovery
- Incident response
- Customer data protection
Before Go-Live
The team completes:
Security Design โ Risk Assessment โ Secure Development โ Security Testing โ Vulnerability Remediation โ Access Review โ Production Security Review โ Approval โ Deployment
The checklist provides evidence that security was considered throughout the project lifecycle.
27. Startup-Friendly Approach
A startup does not need to turn every project into a large compliance exercise.
For a normal software project, the minimum practical process can be:
1. Identify the project and data
โ
2. Identify security requirements
โ
3. Assess security risks
โ
4. Design appropriate controls
โ
5. Implement security controls
โ
6. Perform security testing
โ
7. Resolve important findings
โ
8. Obtain security approval
โ
9. Deploy
โ
10. Monitor
โ
11. Close and capture lessons learned
The depth of the checklist should increase with project risk.
28. Relationship With Other ISMS Documents
The Project Security Checklist should connect with:
- Information Security Policy
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Register
- Asset Register
- Access Control Policy
- Secure Development Procedure
- Change Management Procedure
- Vulnerability Management Procedure
- Supplier Security Procedure
- Data Classification Policy
- Data Privacy Policy
- Incident Management Procedure
- Business Continuity Plan
- Threat Intelligence Procedure
- Security Testing/VAPT Procedure
- Statement of Applicability
The relationship can be summarized as:
Project โ Requirements โ Risk โ Controls โ Implementation โ Testing โ Evidence โ Approval โ Monitoring
29. Final Audit Checklist
Before closing the project, confirm:
| Area | Complete |
|---|---|
| Security requirements identified | โ |
| Project risks assessed | โ |
| Assets identified | โ |
| Data classified | โ |
| Access controls implemented | โ |
| Secure development requirements addressed | โ |
| Supplier risks assessed | โ |
| Privacy requirements assessed | โ |
| Vulnerabilities assessed | โ |
| Security testing completed | โ |
| Critical findings addressed | โ |
| Logging and monitoring configured | โ |
| Backup/recovery addressed | โ |
| Incident response addressed | โ |
| Residual risks documented | โ |
| Required approvals obtained | โ |
| Security evidence retained | โ |
| Project closure completed | โ |
30. Final Principle
Project security should not be a final-stage compliance check.
The objective is:
Plan Security โ Assess Risk โ Design Controls โ Build Securely โ Test โ Approve โ Deploy โ Monitor โ Improve
The key question is:
โHave security requirements and risks been considered throughout the project lifecycle, and can the organization demonstrate that appropriate controls were implemented and verified?โ
